Great Basin Groundwater Potassium Concentration Map

Metadata:

• Identification_Information
• Data_Quality_Information
• Spatial_Data_Organization_Information
• Spatial_Reference_Information
• Entity_and_Attribute_Information
• Distribution_Information
• Metadata_Reference_Information

Identification_Information:

Citation:

Citation_Information:

Originator: Zehner, R.E.

Originator: Coolbaugh, M.F.

Originator: Shevenell, Lisa

Publication_Date: 20060530

Title: Great Basin Groundwater Potassium Concentration Map

Geospatial_Data_Presentation_Form: map

Publication_Information:

Publication_Place: University of Nevada, Reno

Publisher: Nevada Bureau of Mines and Geology

Other_Citation_Details:

Zehner, R.E., Coolbaugh, M.F., and Shevenell, Lisa, 2006, Regional groundwater geochemical trends in the Great Basin: Implications for Geothermal Exploration, GRC Transactions 2006

Online_Linkage:

\\palido.unr.edu\geothermal\_projects\metadata_updates\04_Geochemical_Data\FTP_Zip_Files\04_Geochemical_Data\groundwater_potassium.tif

Description:

Abstract:

Maps of Great Basin groundwater geochemistry show distinctive regional spatial patterns. Factors affecting the concentrations of dissolved constituents include bedrock lithology, location within structural zones, geothermal systems, and surficial playa deposits and salt lakes. In this study, a large geochemical database of ~51,577 Great Basin groundwater samples from springs and wells was compiled from multiple sources. These data were uploaded into a geographic information system (GIS) and used to produce concentration maps for As, B, Ba, Ca, Cl, F, Fe, HCO3, K, Li, Mg, Mn, Na, SiO2, and SO4. These maps were then examined to identify geologic factors that might have influenced their concentration, including the presence of geothermal systems.

Purpose: Geothermal exploration

Time_Period_of_Content:

Time_Period_Information:

Single_Date/Time:

Calendar_Date:

REQUIRED: The year (and optionally month, or month and day) for which the data set corresponds to the ground.

Currentness_Reference:

REQUIRED: The basis on which the time period of content information is determined.

Status:

Progress: Complete

Maintenance_and_Update_Frequency: Continually

Spatial_Domain:

Bounding_Coordinates:

West_Bounding_Coordinate: -122.917337

East_Bounding_Coordinate: -110.435490

North_Bounding_Coordinate: 44.034041

South_Bounding_Coordinate: 34.515813

Keywords:

Theme:

Theme_Keyword_Thesaurus:

REQUIRED: Reference to a formally registered thesaurus or a similar authoritative source of theme keywords.

Theme_Keyword: geochemistry

Theme_Keyword: groundwater

Theme_Keyword: hot spring

Theme_Keyword: potassium

Place:

Place_Keyword: USA

Place_Keyword: Western United States

Place_Keyword: Great Basin

Place_Keyword: Nevada

Place_Keyword: California

Place_Keyword: Utah

Place_Keyword: Idaho

Place_Keyword: Arizona

Place_Keyword: Oregon

Place_Keyword: Wyoming

Access_Constraints:

Although these data have been processed successfully on the computer system at the Nevada Bureau of Mines and Geology, no warranty expressed or implied is made regarding the accuracy or utility of the data on any system or for general or scientific purposes, nor shall the act of distribution constitute any such warranty. This disclaimer applies both to individual use of the data and aggregate use with other data. It is strongly recommended that these data be directly acquired from the Nevada Bureau of Mines and Geology. It is also strongly recommended that careful attention be paid to the contents of the metadata file associated with the data. The Nevada Bureau of Mines and Geology shall not be held liable for improper use of the data described and/or contained herein. By using this data you hereby agree to these conditions.

Use_Constraints:

Reference and acknowledge the Nevada Bureau of Mines and Geology or specific author in products derived from this map. Do not reproduce for commercial purposes. This data is not surveyed data.

Point_of_Contact:

Contact_Information:

Contact_Organization_Primary:

Contact_Organization: Nevada Bureau of Mines and Geology

Contact_Person: web/GIS/database person

Contact_Position: web/GIS/database

Contact_Address:

Address_Type: mailing and physical address

Address: University of Nevada, Reno MS178

City: Reno

State_or_Province: NV

Postal_Code: 89557-0178

Country: USA

Contact_Voice_Telephone: 775-784-6691

Contact_Electronic_Mail_Address: nbmg@unr.edu

Hours_of_Service: 8:00 a.m. - 3:00 p.m. (PST)

Contact_Instructions: web/GIS/database person

Native_Data_Set_Environment:

Microsoft Windows XP Version 5.1 (Build 2600) Service Pack 3; ESRI ArcCatalog 9.3.1.1850

Data_Quality_Information:

Attribute_Accuracy:

Attribute_Accuracy_Report:

Unknown. Data is derived from several sources (NWIS, Geo-Heat Center, NBMG Geothermal Database) with unknown sample location and attribute accuracy.

Logical_Consistency_Report: Unknown

Positional_Accuracy:

Horizontal_Positional_Accuracy:

Horizontal_Positional_Accuracy_Report: unknown

Vertical_Positional_Accuracy:

Vertical_Positional_Accuracy_Report: unknown

Lineage:

Source_Information:

Source_Citation:

Citation_Information:

Originator: Zehner, R.E.

Originator: Coolbaugh, M.F.

Originator: Shevenell, Lisa

Publication_Date: 20060530

Title:

Regional Groundwater Geochemical Trends in the Great Basin, Implications for Geothermal Exploration

Geospatial_Data_Presentation_Form: map

Publication_Information:

Publication_Place: University of Nevada, Reno

Publisher: Nevada Bureau of Mines and Geology

Process_Step:

Process_Description:

The data set was constructed using groundwater geochemical data (springs and wells) from three sources: (1) the National Water Information System ("NWIS", USGS, 2005), which includes cold temperature springs and wells along with the former GEOTHERM database, (2) the Nevada Bureau of Mines and Geology's geothermal database (http: HTTP://www.nbmg.unr.edu/geothermal/gthome.htm), and (3) the Geo-Heat Center's Western Geothermal Database (Reed et al., 1983; Boyd, 2002). Spring and well samples within a 100 km radius of the Great Basin were used so that outside values would form a continuous concentration surface right up to the Great Basin boundary. Not all samples were analyzed for all constituents; few of the samples were analyzed for all 14 constituents that were examined. The data were first screened to remove surface water samples. Next, a histogram analysis was performed that identified an approximate log-normal distribution for all elements. Consequently, the [natural] log of concentration of the 14 cations/anions was calculated. The sample values of each constituent at each site were then averaged: for the NWIS data in its one-to-many format, sample data was averaged for each location of the site table; for the Geo-Heat and NBMG data sets, samples having identical location coordinates were averaged. Finally, the three data sets were spatially screened for duplicate samples, which were removed. The final table contains data from 24,769 aggregate geochemical samples from both hot and cold springs and wells, summarized in Table 1. Of these, 8,780 samples have reported temperatures of >20oC and probably have been influenced by geothermal activity. A subset of data containing 10,713 records from samples with measured temperatures ?20oC was also made. These two files were then loaded into a GIS for analysis. The log-normalized point data were interpolated over the Great Basin using an inverse distance weighting (IDW) method (neighbors = 12, power = 2) to generate a set of concentration maps. Maps were produced for As, B, Ba, Ca, Cl, F, Fe, HCO3, K, Li, Na, Mn, SO4, and SiO2. The sample density of some cations (As, Ba, Fe, Li, Mn) was limited over portions of the Great Basin; areas greater than 50 km from the nearest sample site were not considered in the analysis and appear as blank areas on the maps. The IDW interpolation method estimates values between points using a 'nearest neighbors' approach, which does not take into account hydrologic factors such as basin boundaries, faults, or low-permeability rock units. Since deep-seated geothermal systems operate primarily below the region of near-surface groundwater flow, this approach is probably warranted for the analysis of regional groundwater trends. The smoothness of the concentration gradients on most of the maps attests to the relative uniformity of sample concentrations at the regional scale.

Process_Step:

Process_Description: Metadata imported.

Source_Used_Citation_Abbreviation: C:\Users\tdozet\AppData\Local\Temp\xmlD6EF.tmp

Process_Date: 20120914

Process_Time: 13055900

Spatial_Data_Organization_Information:

Direct_Spatial_Reference_Method: Raster

Raster_Object_Information:

Raster_Object_Type: Grid Cell

Row_Count: 2071

Column_Count: 2001

Vertical_Count: 1

Spatial_Reference_Information:

Horizontal_Coordinate_System_Definition:

Planar:

Grid_Coordinate_System:

Grid_Coordinate_System_Name: Universal Transverse Mercator

Universal_Transverse_Mercator:

UTM_Zone_Number: 11

Transverse_Mercator:

Scale_Factor_at_Central_Meridian: 0.999600

Longitude_of_Central_Meridian: -117.000000

Latitude_of_Projection_Origin: 0.000000

False_Easting: 500000.000000

False_Northing: 0.000000

Planar_Coordinate_Information:

Planar_Coordinate_Encoding_Method: row and column

Coordinate_Representation:

Abscissa_Resolution: 500.000000

Ordinate_Resolution: 500.000000

Planar_Distance_Units: meters

Geodetic_Model:

Horizontal_Datum_Name: North American Datum of 1927

Ellipsoid_Name: Clarke 1866

Semi-major_Axis: 6378206.400000

Denominator_of_Flattening_Ratio: 294.978698

Entity_and_Attribute_Information:

Detailed_Description:

Entity_Type:

Attribute:

Attribute_Label: FID

Attribute_Definition: Internal feature number.

Attribute_Definition_Source: ESRI

Attribute_Domain_Values:

Unrepresentable_Domain:

Sequential unique whole numbers that are automatically generated.

Attribute:

Attribute_Label: Shape

Attribute_Definition: Feature geometry.

Attribute_Definition_Source: ESRI

Attribute_Domain_Values:

Unrepresentable_Domain: Coordinates defining the features.

Attribute:

Attribute_Label: AREA

Attribute:

Attribute_Label: PERIMETER

Attribute:

Attribute_Label: FEDLANP020

Attribute:

Attribute_Label: FEATURE1

Attribute:

Attribute_Label: FEATURE2

Attribute:

Attribute_Label: FEATURE3

Attribute:

Attribute_Label: AGBUR

Attribute:

Attribute_Label: URL

Attribute:

Attribute_Label: NAME1

Attribute:

Attribute_Label: NAME2

Attribute:

Attribute_Label: NAME3

Attribute:

Attribute_Label: STATE

Attribute:

Attribute_Label: STATE_FIPS

Overview_Description:

Entity_and_Attribute_Overview:

Cell size = 500 m; units are natural log of concentration. The data set was constructed using groundwater geochemical data (springs and wells) from three sources: (1) the National Water Information System ("NWIS", USGS, 2005), which includes cold temperature springs and wells along with the former GEOTHERM database, (2) the Nevada Bureau of Mines and Geology's geothermal database (http: HTTP://www.nbmg.unr.edu/geothermal/gthome.htm), and (3) the Geo-Heat Center's Western Geothermal Database (Reed et al., 1983; Boyd, 2002). Spring and well samples within a 100 km radius of the Great Basin were used so that outside values would form a continuous concentration surface right up to the Great Basin boundary. Not all samples were analyzed for all constituents; few of the samples were analyzed for all 14 constituents that were examined. The data were first screened to remove surface water samples. Next, a histogram analysis was performed that identified an approximate log-normal distribution for all elements. Consequently, the [natural] log of concentration of the 14 cations/anions was calculated. The sample values of each constituent at each site were then averaged: for the NWIS data in its one-to-many format, sample data was averaged for each location of the site table; for the Geo-Heat and NBMG data sets, samples having identical location coordinates were averaged. Finally, the three data sets were spatially screened for duplicate samples, which were removed. The final table contains data from 24,769 aggregate geochemical samples from both hot and cold springs and wells, summarized in Table 1. Of these, 8,780 samples have reported temperatures of >20oC and probably have been influenced by geothermal activity. A subset of data containing 10,713 records from samples with measured temperatures ?20oC was also made. These two files were then loaded into a GIS for analysis. The log-normalized point data were interpolated over the Great Basin using an inverse distance weighting (IDW) method (neighbors = 12, power = 2) to generate a set of concentration maps. Maps were produced for As, B, Ba, Ca, Cl, F, Fe, HCO3, K, Li, Na, Mn, SO4, and SiO2. The sample density of some cations (As, Ba, Fe, Li, Mn) was limited over portions of the Great Basin; areas greater than 50 km from the nearest sample site were not considered in the analysis and appear as blank areas on the maps. The IDW interpolation method estimates values between points using a 'nearest neighbors' approach, which does not take into account hydrologic factors such as basin boundaries, faults, or low-permeability rock units. Since deep-seated geothermal systems operate primarily below the region of near-surface groundwater flow, this approach is probably warranted for the analysis of regional groundwater trends. The smoothness of the concentration gradients on most of the maps attests to the relative uniformity of sample concentrations at the regional scale. The log normalized values in each concentration map were split into 27 equally ranked categories and colored from red to blue, with the hottest colors corresponding to the highest concentrations.

Distribution_Information:

Distributor:

Contact_Information:

Contact_Organization_Primary:

Contact_Organization: Nevada Bureau of Mines and Geology

Contact_Person: web/GIS/database person

Contact_Position: web/GIS/database

Contact_Address:

Address_Type: mailing and physical address

Address: University of Nevada, Reno MS178

City: Reno

State_or_Province: NV

Postal_Code: 89557-0178

Country: USA

Contact_Voice_Telephone: 775-784-6691

Contact_Electronic_Mail_Address: nbmg@unr.edu

Hours_of_Service: 8:00 a.m. - 3:00 p.m. (PST)

Contact_Instructions: web/GIS/database person

Resource_Description: Downloadable Data

Distribution_Liability:

Requestor hereby releases the Nevada Bureau of Mines and Geology, the University of Nevada, Reno, and their agents, consultants, contractors or employees from any and all claims, action, or causes of action for damages including, but not limited to any costs of recovering, reprogramming or reproducing any programs or data stored in or used with the GIS data, damage to property, damages for personal injury or for any lost profits, lost savings, or other special, incidental or consequential damages arising out of the use of or inability to use the GIS data, even if said parties have been advised of the possibility of such damage. Requestor agrees to indemnify and hold harmless the Nevada Bureau of Mines and Geology, the University of Nevada, Reno, and their agents, consultants, contractors and employees from any and all liability claims or damages to any person arising from or connected with the use of this GIS data.

Standard_Order_Process:

Digital_Form:

Digital_Transfer_Information:

File_Decompression_Technique: Zip file

Transfer_Size: 16.250

Metadata_Reference_Information:

Metadata_Date: 20100706

Metadata_Contact:

Contact_Information:

Contact_Organization_Primary:

Contact_Organization: Nevada Bureau of Mines and Geology

Contact_Person: web/GIS/database person

Contact_Position: web/GIS/database

Contact_Address:

Address_Type: mailing and physical address

Address: University of Nevada, Reno, MS 178

City: Reno

State_or_Province: NV

Postal_Code: 89557-0178

Country: USA

Contact_Voice_Telephone: 775-784-6691

Contact_Electronic_Mail_Address: nbmg@unr.edu

Hours_of_Service: 8:00 a.m. - 3:00 p.m. (PST)

Contact_Instructions: web/GIS/database person

Metadata_Standard_Name: FGDC Content Standards for Digital Geospatial Metadata

Metadata_Standard_Version: FGDC-STD-001-1998

Metadata_Time_Convention: local time

Metadata_Extensions:

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Profile_Name: ESRI Metadata Profile

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Profile_Name: ESRI Metadata Profile